<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Because the cost of refined sugar substrate and limit of worldwide food availability, lignocellulosic materials are attractive for use in lactic acid (LA) production. In this study, we found <I>Lactobacillus pentosus</I> strain FL0421 produced LA with high yields (0.52–0.82g/g stover) from five NaOH-pretreated and washed agro stovers through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). We developed a fed-batch SSF process at 37°C and pH 6.0 using the cellulase of 30FPU/g stover and 10g/L yeast extract in a 5-L bioreactor to produce LA from 14% (w/w) NaOH-pretreated and washed corn stover under non-sterile condition. The LA-titer, yield and productivity reached 92.30g/L, 0.66g/g stover and 1.92g/L/h, respectively; and acetic acid titer and yield reached 34.27g/L and 0.24g/g stover. This study presented a feasible process for LA production from agro stovers and provided a candidate strain for genetic engineering for high-titer and -yield lignocellulosic LA production.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A LA hetero-fermentative strain was identified as <I>Lb. pentosus</I> FL0421. </LI> <LI> FL0421 produced LA with yields of 0.52–0.82g/g stover from five agro stovers. </LI> <LI> LA titer and yield reached 92.30g/L and 0.66g/g stover in fed-batch SSF. </LI> <LI> FL0421 is a good candidate for genetic engineering for high LA titer and yield. </LI> </UL> </P>