초록
Orange peel waste (OPW) was converted into ethanol by consecutive acid-catalysed steam-explosion (ACSE), enzymatic saccharification and fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae F15. The first step was performed in the presence of 0.5% (volume fraction) sulphuric acid at a solid loading of 160 g L<SUP>-1</SUP> using a novel laboratory-scale Direct Steam-Injection Apparatus under different reaction temperatures and times. ACSE at 200 <SUP>o</SUP>C for 90 s (or 180 <SUP>o</SUP>C for 150 s) yielded the highest solubilization of pectin (~73%) and a positive effect on the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis step, that was carried out at 50 <SUP>o</SUP>C with an enzyme loading of 6 FPU g<SUP>-1</SUP> cellulose. OPW, pretreated at 180 <SUP>o</SUP>C for 150 s, yielded the highest glucose solubilisation degree (~56%) at the end of the saccharification step, and the maximum ethanol yield coefficient (~0.495 g g<SUP>-1</SUP>) and productivity (4.85 g L<SUP>-1</SUP> h<SUP>-1</SUP>) at the end of the 3rd repeated fermentation batch in shaken-flasks.