초록
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lipases are promising tools for the synthesis of high value-added compounds and have traditionally been obtained from submerged fermentation processes (SmF). However, solid-state fermentation (SSF) allows linking the fermentation process directly to the enzyme application. Using fermented substrate as the biocatalysts may combine the steps of enzyme production, extraction, purification and immobilization together. There are also other advantages in SSF as a cheaper growing medium like crambe (<I>Crambe hispanica</I> subsp. <I>abyssinica</I> Hochst. ex R.E.Fr. - <I>Brassicaceae</I>). This study explores the use of crambe cake fermented with <I>Fusarium</I> sp. (GFC) as a source of lipase in a comparison with the enzyme traditionally produced by SmF and its directly aplication in hydrolisys and synthesys reations. Besides being produced at low fermentation cost, the SSF enzyme was obtained as a naturally immobilized lipase and presented activity and stability at medium temperatures (40 and 45 °C) and a good stability towards organic solvents. Using the potential of those characteristics, the fermented substrate enzyme was successfully applied to an optimization of methyl ester synthesis in organic media with up to 8 viable recycles. Therefore, all results support the search for potential applications of the <I>Fusarium</I> sp. (GFC) enzyme in biocatalysis, since its characteristics and low production cost.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Direct use of fermented substrate at hydrolysis and synthesis reactions. </LI> <LI> Lipase with low fermentation cost and attractive kinetics characteristics. </LI> <LI> Lipase with good stability towards hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic solvents. </LI> <LI> Fermented substrate was successfully applied to methyl ester synthesis with up to 8 viable recycles. </LI> <LI> This process is promising for industrial applications of lipases in biocatalysis. </LI> </UL> </P>