초록
<P> <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Serine is a non-essential amino acid that has wide and expanding applications in industry with a fast-growing market demand. Currently, extraction and enzymatic catalysis are the main processes for <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine production. However, such approaches limit the industrial-scale applications of this important amino acid. Therefore, shifting to the direct fermentative production of <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine from renewable feedstocks has attracted increasing attention. This review details the current status of microbial production of <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine from renewable feedstocks. We also summarize the current trends in metabolic engineering strategies and techniques for the typical industrial organisms <I>Corynebacterium glutamicum</I> and <I>Escherichia coli</I> that have been developed to address and overcome major challenges in the <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine production process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P>Identifying exporters for <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine can reduce <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine feedback inhibition and therefore enhance <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine production.</P> <P>High-throughput screening using biosensors can be developed for <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine and used for strain engineering.</P> <P>The split between <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine consumption for cell growth and extracellular <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine accumulation can be balanced by tunable control of metabolic flows combined with <SUP>13</SUP>C metabolic flux analysis.</P> <P>Systems biology methods, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analysis, can be used for identifying targets for optimizing <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine production.</P> <P>Genome-scale metabolic models can prove to be useful for systematically identifying genetic targets for improving <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine production.</P> <P>To reduce the cost for commercializing <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine production, it is essential to explore alternative and cheaper carbon sources.</P>