BioChem - DOS

l-Tryptophan synergistically increased carotenoid accumulation with blue light in maize (Zea mays L.) sprouts

Food chemistry : Molecular sciences

Xiang, Nan; Qi, Xitao; Hu, Jianguang; Wang, Siyun; Guo, Xinbo

<▼1><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>&#x2022;<P>Blue light and <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan have positive effects on carotenoid accumulation.</P>&#x2022;<P>The combination of <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan and blue light further intensified carotenoids.</P>&#x2022;<P><SMALL>L</SMALL>-Tryptophan stimulated the <I>PSY</I> gene to produce &alpha;- and &beta;-carotenes.</P>&#x2022;<P><SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan transferred zeaxanthin to antheraxanthin as photoprotector in blue light.</P>&#x2022;<P>The expression of <I>CRY</I> was highly correlated to carotenoid biosynthesis in blue light.</P></P></▼1><▼2><P>In the present study, <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan was applied in combination with blue light to modulate carotenoid biosynthesis in maize sprouts. The profiles of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and relative genes in carotenoid biosynthesis and light signaling pathways were studied. <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan and blue light both promoted the accumulation of carotenoids, and their combination further increased carotenoid content by 120%. <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan exerted auxin-like effects and stimulated <I>PSY</I> expression in blue light exposure maize sprouts, resulting in increased &alpha;- and &beta;- carotenes. <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan could also play a photoprotective role through the xanthophyll cycle under blue light. In addition, <I>CRY</I> in the light signaling pathway was critical for carotenoid biosynthesis. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis and <SMALL>L</SMALL>-tryptophan could be used in conjunction with blue light to fortify carotenoids in maize sprouts.</P></▼2>

2023

Elsevier

2666-5662

6

pp.100161

10.1016/j.fochms.2023.100161

http://click.ndsl.kr/servlet/OpenAPIDetailView?keyValue=05787966&target=NART&cn=NART122856043

OCP, Orange Carotenoid Protein; GGDP, Geranylgeranyl diphosphate; PSY, 15-cis-phytoene synthase; PDS, 15-cis-phytoene desaturase; Z-ISO, zeta-carotene isomerase; ZDS, zeta-carotene desaturase; CRTISO, carotenoid isomerase; LCYE, lycopene epsilon-cyclase; LCYB, lycopene beta-cyclase; CHYE, carotenoid epsilon hydroxylase; CHYB, beta-carotene 3-hydroxylase; ZEP, zeaxanthin epoxidase; VDE, violaxanthin de-epoxidase; LUT5, LUTEIN DEFICIENT 5; NXS, neoxanthin synthase; NXD1, NEOXANTHIN-DEFICIENT 1; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; PHOT1, phototropin 1; FKF1, flavin-binding kelch repeat F-box protein 1; CRY, cryptochrome; COP1, constitutive photomorphogenic 1; PIF, phytochrome-interacting factor; FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide; HY5, protein long hypocotyl 5; L-Tryptophan; Carotenoid; Maize sprouts; Light signal; Blue light