초록
The use of field beans, a non-food leguminous crop, was studied for ethanol, feed components and fungal biomass production. The seeds were hydrolyzed using enzymes or with combination of acid (H<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>) and alkaline (Ca(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with or without removal of suspended solids, yielded 38.3-42.5gL<SUP>-1</SUP> ethanol (71.3-79.2% efficiency). The filtration residues contained ca. 247-326gkg<SUP>-1</SUP> crude protein, 10.6-15.5% acid detergent fiber and 19.9-29.1% neutral detergent fiber. They were enriched in phenolics (by up to 93.4%) and depleted in condensed tannin (by up to 59.3%) in comparison to the raw material. The thin stillages were used for cultivation of edible fungus Neurospora intermedia which produced 8.5-15.9gL<SUP>-1</SUP> ethanol and 4.8-16.2gL<SUP>-1</SUP> biomass containing over 62% protein. The mass balances showed that fermentation of unfiltered mashes was more efficient yielding up to 195.9gkg<SUP>-1</SUP> ethanol and 84.4% of protein recovery.