초록
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aims</B></P><P>The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of microbes on plant‐available inorganic nutrients and a phytohormone in rice‐derived distillery effluents.</P><P><B>Methods and Results</B></P><P>The effects of 37 microbial strains on the components of distillery effluents were investigated. Inoculation of several <I>Aspergillus</I> and <I>Bacillus</I> strains resulted in accumulation of a large quantity of ammonium nitrogen (NH<SUB>4</SUB>‐N; 774？±？490 and 1059？±？463？mg？l<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively) in the effluent. However, a decrease in the liquid phase during <I>Aspergillus</I> incubation suggested the requirement for additional treatment of the solid residue, whereas the growth of <I>Bacillus subtilis</I> was inhibited by the acidic conditions in the raw distillery effluent. Interestingly, <I>Aspergillus caelatus</I>,<I> Aspergillus oryzae</I> and <I>Aspergillus tamarii</I> yielded greater increases in nitrate concentrations (30–39？mg？l<SUP>−1</SUP>). Colorimetric and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses revealed that <I>Wickerhamomyces</I> strains generated 7–26？mg？l<SUP>−1</SUP> of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) when the effluent pH was adjusted to 7·0.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Inoculation of several <I>Aspergillus</I> and <I>Bacillus</I> strains into distillery effluents resulted in the production of a large quantity of NH<SUB>4</SUB>‐N.</P><P><B>Significance and Impact of the study</B></P><P>This study provides information that will facilitate the bioconversion of distillery effluent into fast‐acting liquid fertilizers.</P>