초록
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Production of cellulases and xylanase by a novel <I>Trichoderma asperellum</I> UC1 (GenBank accession no. MF774876) under solid state fermentation (SSF) of raw oil palm frond leaves (OPFL) was optimized. Under optimum fermentation parameters (30 °C, 60–80% moisture content, 2.5 × 10<SUP>6</SUP> spores/g inoculum size) maximum CMCase, FPase, β-glucosidase and xylanase activity were recorded at 136.16 IU/g, 26.03 U/g, 130.09 IU/g and 255.01 U/g, respectively. Cellulases and xylanase were produced between a broad pH range of pH 6.0–12.0. The enzyme complex that comprised of four endo-β-1,4-xylanases and endoglucanases, alongside exoglucanase and β-glucosidase showed thermophilic and acidophilic characteristics at 50–60 °C and pH 3.0–4.0, respectively. Glucose (16.87 mg/g) and fructose (18.09 mg/g) were among the dominant sugar products from the <I>in situ</I> hydrolysis of OPFL, aside from cellobiose (105.92 mg/g) and xylose (1.08 mg/g). Thermal and pH stability tests revealed that enzymes CMCase, FPase, β-glucosidase and xylanase retained 50% residual activities for up to 15.18, 4.06, 17.47 and 15.16 h of incubation at 60 °C, as well as 64.59, 25.14, 68.59 and 19.20 h at pH 4.0, respectively. Based on the findings, it appeared that the unique polymeric structure of raw OPFL favored cellulases and xylanase productions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Optimization of SSF conditions for fungal production of cellulase and xylanase. </LI> <LI> <I>In-situ</I> hydrolysis of OPFL under SSF gave high yields of reducing sugar. </LI> <LI> The produced fungal beta-glucosidase was thermal and pH stable. </LI> <LI> First report on SSF production of fungal xylanase with an optimum pH 3.0. </LI> <LI> Raw OPFL structure favored fungal cellulase and xylanase productions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>