초록
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to energy is a transformational approach for addressing the escalating energy demand and environmental concerns along with waste management. In the present study, bamboo rich in holocellulose content (cellulose, 42.47 ± 2.3% (w/w) and hemicellulose, 20.10 ± 1.0% (w/w)) was used for biobutanol production. A concoction of laccases (as ligninolytic enzyme) and saccharolytic enzymes (cellulases and xylanases) were used in a single vessel for reducing sugar production from bamboo. Bamboo hydrolysate had glucose, xylose and cellobiose as reducing sugars which were used by <I>Clostridium beijerinckii</I> (ATCC 55025-E604) for ABE (acetone, butanol, and ethanol) production. <I>C. beijerinckii</I> utilized glucose, xylose and cellobiose efficiently and produced ABE when commercial sugars were studied individually. Process parameters studies showed that ABE yield was 0.35 g/g-sugar at 37 °C, pH 6.5, inoculum volume 12% v/v, inoculum age 18 h and fermentation time 60 h. Further optimization of C/N ratio, methyl viologen and CaCO3 Led to increase in the yield of butanol by 30.39%, w/v while the overall ABE yield was increased by 17.79%, w/v as compared to control (without use of C/N ratio, methyl viologen and CaCO3). The enzymes used for these studies are of high titer and produced indigenously utilizing cheaper substrates such as agroresidues under solid state fermentation. Moreover, overall process effectiveness is promising and attractive because of higher conversion efficiency, eco-friendliness and biodegradable nature.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Low cost and holocellulose rich bamboo was used for butanol production. </LI> <LI> The yield of butanol production was observed 0.288 g/g reducing sugar. </LI> <LI> Methyl viologen, C/N ratio and CaCO<SUB>3</SUB> had increased butanol yield by 30.89%. </LI> <LI> <I>Clostridium beijerinckii</I> produced butanol 11.54 g/L form bamboo hydrolysate. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>