<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the fermentation progress, fermentation parameters including the feed rate, induction temperature, and induction pH evidently regulate the accumulation of acetic acid generated by recombinant <I>E. coli</I> in the medium. The production of thermostable β-glucosidase (Tpebgl3) was increased by optimizing the parameters mentioned step by step. The optimal conditions were obtained with the highest enzyme expression (560.4U/mL) and the maximum DCW (65g/L) at the pre-induction specific growth rate of 0.2h<SUP>−1</SUP> followed by a post-induction specific growth rate (0.18h<SUP>−1</SUP>); induction temperature is 39°C; the pH is 7.2; the concentration of acetic acid was maintained all along below 0.9g/L. Results show it is necessary for the synthesis of Tpebgl3 to regulate the accumulation of acetic acid at the premise of feeding to meet the normal growth of <I>E. coli</I>. The production of Tpebgl3 by recombinant <I>E. coli</I> is the highest reported to date.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effect of the acetic acid on Tpebgl3 production by <I>E. coli</I> was studied. </LI> <LI> The acetic acid excretion was controlled by optimal fermentation conditions. </LI> <LI> The Tpebgl3 activity reached 560.4U/mL with acetic acid kept below 0.9g/L. </LI> </UL> </P>